Vgbhfive's Blog

SpringBoot-服务器Tomcat

Posted on Edited on

目的

Java Web 目前最常用的三款服务器：

  • Undettow
  • Jetty
  • Tomcat

Tomcat 是Apache下的一款重量级的服务器，不用多说历史悠久，经得起实践的考验。
然而，现在当下微服务兴起，Spring boot、Spring cloud 越来越热的情况下，选择一款轻量级而性能优越的服务器是必要的选择。

Jetty 和Undertow 都是基于NIO 实现的高并发轻量级的服务器，支持servlet3.1 和websocket 。

压测对比

服务器 命中 成功率 吞吐量 平均耗时
Jetty 11488 100% 96.25 trans/sec 0.00sec
18393 100% 153.92 trans/sec 0.01sec
21484 99.99% 179.51 trans/sec 0.01sec
Undertow 11280 100% 94.02 trans/sec 0.00sec
19442 100% 163.35 trans/sec 0.01sec
23277 100% 195.54 tran/sec 0.01sec
Tomcat 10845 100% 90.95 trans/sec 0.02sec
21673 99.98% 181 trans/sec 0.01sec
25084 99.98% 209.10 trans/sec 0.01sec

从中可以看出在高负载下Undertow 的吞吐量高于Jetty 而且随着压力增大Jett 和Undertow 成功率差距会拉大。
而在负载不是太大情况下服务器处理能力差不多，Jetty 还略微高于Undertow ，而Tomcat 的负载能力似乎和Undertow 很接近。

Undertow

将Spring Boot 的内置服务器更换为Ungertow 。

  1. pom.xml

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    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-undertow</artifactId>
    </dependency>

  2. application.properties

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    # undertow
    server.port=8080
    server.undertow.buffer-size=1024
    server.undertow.io-threads=4
    server.undertow.worker-threads=20
    server.undertow.direct-buffers=true

  3. 启动日志

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      .   ____          _            __ _ _
     /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
    ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
     \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
      '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
     =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
     :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.7.RELEASE)

    2019-08-15 10:53:17.220  INFO 10336 --- [           main] v.s.SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication : Starting SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication on VgbhComputer with PID 10336 (F:\IDEWorkSpace\springbootstarterdemotest\target\classes started by Vgbh in F:\IDEWorkSpace\springbootstarterdemotest)
    2019-08-15 10:53:17.225  INFO 10336 --- [           main] v.s.SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
    2019-08-15 10:53:19.053  WARN 10336 --- [           main] io.undertow.websockets.jsr               : UT026010: Buffer pool was not set on WebSocketDeploymentInfo, the default pool will be used
    2019-08-15 10:53:19.105  INFO 10336 --- [           main] io.undertow.servlet                      : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
    2019-08-15 10:53:19.105  INFO 10336 --- [           main] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1721 ms
    2019-08-15 10:53:19.433  INFO 10336 --- [           main] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
    2019-08-15 10:53:19.659  INFO 10336 --- [           main] org.xnio                                 : XNIO version 3.3.8.Final
    2019-08-15 10:53:19.687  INFO 10336 --- [           main] org.xnio.nio                             : XNIO NIO Implementation Version 3.3.8.Final
    2019-08-15 10:53:19.792  INFO 10336 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.e.u.UndertowServletWebServer     : Undertow started on port(s) 8080 (http) with context path ''
    2019-08-15 10:53:19.799  INFO 10336 --- [           main] v.s.SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication : Started SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication in 3.446 seconds (JVM running for 5.561)
    2019-08-15 10:53:37.319  INFO 10336 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] io.undertow.servlet                      : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
    2019-08-15 10:53:37.319  INFO 10336 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
    2019-08-15 10:53:37.326  INFO 10336 --- [  XNIO-1 task-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 7 ms

    通过启动日志就可以看得出来，Undertow 比Tomcat 更加轻量，性能更好。

Jetty

将Spring Boot 的内置服务器更换为Ungertow 。

  1. pom.xml

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    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
        <exclusions>
            <exclusion>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
            </exclusion>
        </exclusions>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-jetty</artifactId>
    </dependency>

  2. 启动日志

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      .   ____          _            __ _ _
     /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __  __ _ \ \ \ \
    ( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
     \\/  ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| |  ) ) ) )
      '  |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
     =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
     :: Spring Boot ::        (v2.1.7.RELEASE)

    2019-08-15 13:19:03.516  INFO 13360 --- [           main] v.s.SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication : Starting SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication on VgbhComputer with PID 13360 (F:\IDEWorkSpace\springbootstarterdemotest\target\classes started by Vgbh in F:\IDEWorkSpace\springbootstarterdemotest)
    2019-08-15 13:19:03.521  INFO 13360 --- [           main] v.s.SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default
    2019-08-15 13:19:04.758  INFO 13360 --- [           main] org.eclipse.jetty.util.log               : Logging initialized @3184ms to org.eclipse.jetty.util.log.Slf4jLog
    2019-08-15 13:19:04.872  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.s.b.w.e.j.JettyServletWebServerFactory : Server initialized with port: 8080
    2019-08-15 13:19:04.874  INFO 13360 --- [           main] org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server          : jetty-9.4.19.v20190610; built: 2019-06-10T16:30:51.723Z; git: afcf563148970e98786327af5e07c261fda175d3; jvm 1.8.0_192-b12
    2019-08-15 13:19:04.903  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.e.j.s.h.ContextHandler.application     : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext
    2019-08-15 13:19:04.903  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader            : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1296 ms
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.031  INFO 13360 --- [           main] org.eclipse.jetty.server.session         : DefaultSessionIdManager workerName=node0
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.031  INFO 13360 --- [           main] org.eclipse.jetty.server.session         : No SessionScavenger set, using defaults
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.032  INFO 13360 --- [           main] org.eclipse.jetty.server.session         : node0 Scavenging every 660000ms
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.041  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.e.jetty.server.handler.ContextHandler  : Started o.s.b.w.e.j.JettyEmbeddedWebAppContext@517bd097{application,/,[file:///C:/Users/Vgbh/AppData/Local/Temp/jetty-docbase.2121540245403559071.8080/],AVAILABLE}
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.041  INFO 13360 --- [           main] org.eclipse.jetty.server.Server          : Started @3468ms 
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.221  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.s.s.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor  : Initializing ExecutorService 'applicationTaskExecutor'
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.423  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.e.j.s.h.ContextHandler.application     : Initializing Spring DispatcherServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.423  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Initializing Servlet 'dispatcherServlet'
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.428  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet        : Completed initialization in 5 ms
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.450  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.e.jetty.server.AbstractConnector       : Started ServerConnector@5b11a194{HTTP/1.1,[http/1.1]}{0.0.0.0:8080}
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.454  INFO 13360 --- [           main] o.s.b.web.embedded.jetty.JettyWebServer  : Jetty started on port(s) 8080 (http/1.1) with context path '/'
    2019-08-15 13:19:05.458  INFO 13360 --- [           main] v.s.SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication : Started SpringbootstarterdemotestApplication in 2.602 seconds (JVM running for 3.886)

    查看启动日志就可以看见服务器已经更换了。

参考资料

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